高中数学中的计算思维

摘要

本文综述计算思维（Computational Thinking，CT）与人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，AI）在高中数学教育中的融合。计算思维包含分解、模式识别、抽象与算法设计，为求解复杂问题提供了一套结构化框架。ChatGPT 与 Gemini 扮演“计算思维者”的角色，能够解读问题，并运用逻辑、抽象与模式识别，在多个领域模拟类人推理；相形之下，Wolfram Alpha、GeoGebra、Symbolab、Desmos 等高级数学软件是执行精确数学计算与可视化的专门工具，但缺乏思考与情境适应的能力。ChatGPT 与 Gemini 帮助使用者理解并探索问题，数学软件则依据既定输入精确求解。数学问题解决始终是教育与技术进步的基础要素。计算思维培育逻辑推理与创造力，人工智能则借助自动化与智能系统实现对数学概念的高效探索。这一融合不仅支撑更深层的概念理解，也有助于教育者针对多样的学习需求调整教学。本综述提炼出三条关键主题：（1）融入人工智能可提升学生的数学表现；（2）由人工智能支撑的游戏化学习（GBL）能够增强学习投入；（3）计算思维的发展能够强化数学推理。

Abstract

This literature review explores the integration of Computational Thinking (CT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high school mathematics education. CT - which involves decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm design - provides a structured framework for solving complex problems. ChatGPT and Gemini function as computational thinkers, capable of interpreting problems and using logic, abstraction, and pattern recognition to simulate human-like reasoning across domains. In contrast, advanced mathematical software such as Wolfram Alpha, GeoGebra, Symbolab, and Desmos are specialized tools designed to perform exact mathematical computations and visualizations, but they lack the ability to think or adapt contextually. While ChatGPT and Gemini help users understand and explore problems, math software precisely solves them based on defined inputs. Mathematical problem-solving remains a foundational element of both education and technological advancement. CT fosters logical reasoning and creativity, while AI enables efficient exploration of mathematical concepts through automation and intelligent systems. This integration not only supports deeper conceptual understanding but also helps educators tailor instruction to diverse learning needs. The review highlights three key themes: (1) AI integration improves students' performance in mathematics; (2) game-based learning (GBL) supported by AI increases engagement; and (3) CT development strengthens mathematical reasoning.