怎样才能让残障人士以骑行方式参与主动交通？——英国自行车联合会 “包容性骑行体验计划”的案例研究

摘要

本文考察了英国自行车联合会「包容性骑行体验」计划的实施成效与运作方式，该计划旨在提升残障人士使用自行车完成日常出行的机会。基于计划评估数据与参与者反馈，研究表明：具有包容性、以人为本的干预措施，能够有效支持残障人士以骑行方式参与主动交通。通过自行车借用、量身定制的支持以及对个体需求的关注，该计划取得了具有转变意义的成效，使参与者获得了独立性，改善了健康与身心福祉，增进了社会融入，并提升了骑行信心。反馈还显示，无障碍的骑行机会不仅能够积极影响出行能力与自主性，也能提升整体生活质量。在服务交付方面的关键经验包括：为能力进阶留出充足时间；解决车辆停放与取用难题；提供灵活的借用方案；保障全年可用的服务供给；确保工作人员稳定且富有支持性；以及推动多方伙伴协作。尽管基础设施层面的障碍可能长期存在，但识别并落实切实可行的适应性改造，对于使骑行成为残障人士现实可行且具赋能意义的交通选择至关重要。本研究为包容性主动交通的证据基础作出了贡献，并为设计有针对性的干预措施、促进骑行参与的公平性提供了实践指引。

Abstract

This paper explores the impact and delivery of Cycling UK’s Inclusive Cycling Experience (ICE) programme, an intervention designed to enhance access to utility cycling for disabled people. Based on programme evaluation and participant feedback, the findings demonstrate that inclusive, person-centred interventions can effectively support disabled people to engage in cycling for active travel. Through cycle loans, tailored support, and attention to individual needs, the programme has had transformative benefits, enabling participants to gain independence, improve health and wellbeing, enhance social inclusion, and increase confidence. Feedback highlights that accessible cycling opportunities can positively influence not only mobility and autonomy but also overall quality of life. Key lessons for delivery include allowing time for progression, addressing storage and access challenges, offering flexible loan options, providing year-round access, ensuring consistent and supportive staffing, and fostering partnership working. While infrastructure barriers may persist, identifying and implementing feasible adaptations is essential to making cycling a realistic and empowering transport option for disabled people. This research contributes to the evidence base on inclusive active travel and offers practical guidance for designing targeted interventions to promote equitable participation in cycling.