生态瞬时干预对工作场所感知压力调节策略的影响——基于生态情境下应用程序“MON SHERPA”的探索性研究

摘要

本探索性研究以信息与通信技术、尤其是智能手机及其移动应用为基础，考察生态瞬时干预（EMI）对员工在工作日中感知压力的影响。研究选取15名每周至少工作3天的在职人员为样本，将其分为对照组（n=5）与实验组（n=10），实验组使用名为“Mon Sherpa”的生态瞬时干预应用程序，为期一周。被试在研究开始时填答两份问卷：社会人口学问卷与心理压力测量量表（PSM-9）。在实验中期与末期，被试再次填答PSM-9，以比较不同分组下得分的变化。此外，研究还对实验组被试（n=9）实施了半结构化访谈，以了解其对该应用程序的感知。统计结果显示生态瞬时干预并未产生显著效应；但访谈结果表明，在压力、焦虑与侵入性想法方面，被试在整个实验过程中出现了躯体、行为与认知层面的变化。这些相互矛盾的结果或可解释为生态瞬时干预对工作相关压力具有即时但不持久的效应，也可能部分源于本研究自身的局限。该领域仍需开展更多跨学科的、样本量更大的研究。

Abstract

Based on ICT, specifically smartphones and their mobile apps, this exploratory study questions the impact of EMIs on employees' perceived stress during workdays. A sample of 15 workers, working at least 3 days a week and divided into one control group (n=5) and one experimental group (n=10), used an EMI application called “Mon Sherpa” for one week. Participants responded to two questionnaires at the beginning of the study: a sociodemographic questionnaire and the PSM-9 (Psychological Stress Measure). They completed the PSM-9 once again in the middle and at the end of the experiment to compare the score's evolution depending on the formed groups. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants of the experimental group (n=9) to identify their perception of the application. The statistical results indicated no effects of the EMIs. However, interviews indicated somatic, behavioral, and cognitive evolution throughout the experiment in the field of stress, anxiety, and invasive thoughts. These conflicting results might be explained by an immediate but not lasting effect of EMIs on work-related stress. It may also be partly explained by some limitations of the study. More cross-disciplinary and larger research is required.