徐悲鸿《巴人汲水》中的动势：民国文人画“势”之美学分析

摘要

本研究以中国传统美学的基本原理为指引，考察徐悲鸿劳动者题材绘画中“势”（内在能量）的艺术特质。研究以《巴人汲水》为中心，分析“势”如何与自然、气（生命能量）与情感诸要素一道，在作品的结构与主题构成之中彼此作用。徐悲鸿对“势”的运用不仅揭示出深沉的情感共鸣，也将“气”融汇于更为宏阔的中国美学传统之中，形成和谐而充满动感的生命表达。他的绘画体现了天人合一的理念，既捕捉到中国人民在艰难时世中坚忍不拔与奋起抗争的形体，也把握住其精神的本质。通过将传统美学与现代写实主义相融合，徐悲鸿的作品超越了单纯的视觉再现，映射出中国人民面对逆境时的内在活力与不屈精神。

Abstract

This study explores the artistic qualities of shi (internal energy) within Xu Beihong's depiction of the working class, guided by the principles of traditional Chinese aesthetics. Focusing on the painting Ba Ren Ji Shui (Sichuan Folks Drawing Water from the River), the analysis examines how shi—alongside elements of nature, qi (vital energy), and emotion—interacts within the structural and thematic composition of the artwork. Xu Beihong's application of shi not only reveals deep emotional resonance but also integrates qi into the broader Chinese aesthetic tradition, creating a harmonious and dynamic expression of life. His paintings embody the unity of nature and humanity, capturing both the physical and spiritual essence of the Chinese people's perseverance and resistance during times of hardship. By synthesizing traditional aesthetics with modern realism, Xu Beihong's work transcends mere visual representation, reflecting the inner vitality and indomitable spirit of the Chinese people in the face of adversity.