陕西关中地区秦派二胡的生态音乐学研究

摘要

生态音乐学是一门交叉学科，它以民族音乐学与人类学的视角研究音乐与声音，考察其与人类社会文化实践的交汇及其同自然环境的关系。秦派二胡——通常被称为“陕西二胡”——是一个独具特色的地域流派，其演奏技法与风格特征源自陕西本土音乐语汇，包括陕北民歌与关中戏曲。本研究通过考察关中地区的生态与环境影响，并以代表作《秦腔主题随想曲》为重点，对陕西二胡的演奏实践展开研究。通过音乐分析与语境阐释，本文揭示了地域环境因素如何塑造秦派二胡的音响美学与技术调适。研究结论对二胡教学具有教学法意义，也有助于提升音乐学术研究中的环境意识。此外，本研究还为未来有志于研究秦派二胡传统的学者与演奏者提供了一个较为完整的参考框架。

Abstract

Ecomusicology constitutes an interdisciplinary field that applies ethnomusicological and anthropological perspectives to the study of music and sound as they intersect with human social and cultural practices and their relations with the natural environment. Qin pai erhu—commonly referred to as "Shaanxi erhu"—represents a distinctive regional school characterized by specialized performance techniques and stylistic features derived from Shaanxi's indigenous musical idioms, including northern folk songs and Guan Zhong opera. This study offers an investigation of Shaanxi erhu performance practice by examining the ecological and environmental influences of the Guan Zhong region, with particular reference to the exemplar work "Qin Qiang Opera Theme Capriccio". Through musical analysis and contextual interpretation, we demonstrate how regional environmental factors have shaped both the sonic aesthetics and technical adaptations of Qin pai erhu. The findings hold pedagogical implications for erhu instruction and contribute to heightened environmental awareness within musical scholarship. Moreover, this research provides a comprehensive reference framework for future scholars and performers seeking to engage with the Qin pai erhu tradition.