不同机动条件对比例导引制导性能影响研究

摘要

比例导引作为一种经典导引律，广泛应用于空空导弹末制导阶段。然而在实际作战中，目标通常通过多种机动方式规避导弹攻击，从而对导引系统性能产生影响。针对这一问题，本文建立了三维导弹-目标运动模型，在此基础上构建比例导引制导模型，并设计平飞、转弯、俯冲、爬升及蛇形机动五种典型目标机动方式。基于数值仿真方法，对不同机动条件对比例导引影响进行了分析。结果表明，目标机动动作对导弹拦截性能具有显著影响，尤其是对过载影响较大，研究结果可为空空导弹制导律优化设计提供参考依据。

Abstract

Proportional navigation (PN) is a classical guidance law widely used in the terminal phase of air-to-air missiles. However, in realistic combat scenarios, targets often perform various maneuvers to evade interception, which significantly affects guidance performance. To address this issue, a three-dimensional relative motion model between missile and target is established, and a PN guidance model is constructed. Five typical target maneuvers, including level flight, turning, diving, climbing, and serpentine maneuver, are designed. Numerical simulations are conducted to analyze the influence of different maneuvering modes on guidance performance. The results show that both maneuver have significant impacts on interception performance. The results provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of missile guidance laws.